首页医疗器械zenmejianyanfeirouzhonghanyouzhifang

zenmejianyanfeirouzhonghanyouzhifang

时间2023-11-04 12:30:08发布小蚂蚁分类医疗器械浏览53
导读:一、zenmejianyanfeirouzhonghanyouzhifang1检验原理脂肪包括中性脂肪和类脂质,所以,脂肪是疏水性物质,它不溶于水,易溶于某些有机溶剂,在一定条件下,当用有机溶剂抽提试样时,油脂就从试样中分离出来。从而进入有机溶剂中,然后蒸去有机溶剂,就得到了油脂。...

一、zenmejianyanfeirouzhonghanyouzhifang

1检验原理

脂肪包括中性脂肪和类脂质,所以,脂肪是疏水性物质,它不溶于水,易溶于某些有机溶剂,在一定条件下,当用有机溶剂抽提试样时,油脂就从试样中分离出来。从而进入有机溶剂中,然后蒸去有机溶剂,就得到了油脂。

有机溶剂抽提出的油脂,主要是脂肪,但也有少量的磷脂、游离脂肪酸、甾醇、蜡、脂溶性色素及其他脂溶性物质,因此,测得的结果通常称粗脂肪。目前,我国粮油检验标准方法中规定的有机溶剂是无水乙醚。

2检验方法

标准方法:索氏抽提法。

2.1仪器用具

分析天平:感量0.0001 g;电热恒温箱;电热恒温水浴锅;粉碎机,研钵;备有变色硅胶的干燥器;滤纸筒;索氏抽提器一套(各部件必须洗净,用105℃烘干,其中抽提瓶烘至恒重);广口瓶,脱脂棉、脱脂线,脱脂细砂

2.2样品制备

取净试样30 g~50 g,磨碎通过直径1.0 mm圆孔筛,装入广口瓶内备用。

2.3试样包扎

从备用的样品中,用烘盒称取2 g~5 g试样,在105℃下烘30 min,趁热倒入研钵中,加约2 g脱脂细砂一同研磨,至出油状后,干净地转入滤纸筒内(筒底塞一层脱脂棉,并在105℃下烘30 min,用脱脂棉蘸少量乙醚揩净研钵上的试样的脂肪,并入滤纸筒内,最后再用脱脂棉塞入上部,压住试样。

zenmejianyanfeirouzhonghanyouzhifang

我们多次试验,在研磨时不加入细砂,其结果是一致的。

2.4抽提与烘干

将抽提器安装妥当,然后将装有试样的滤纸筒置于抽筒内,同时注入乙醚至虹吸管高度以上。待乙醚流净后,再加入乙醚至虹吸管高度的三分之二处。用一小块脱脂棉轻轻塞入冷凝管上口,打开冷凝管进水管,开始加热抽提。加热的温度以每分钟回流的乙醚在120~150滴,每小时回流七次以上。一般抽提8 h以上,至抽提管内的乙醚用玻璃片检查无油迹为止。

抽净脂肪后,用长柄摄子取出滤纸筒,再加热使乙醚回流两次,然后收回乙醚,取下冷凝管和抽提筒,加热除尽抽提瓶中残余的乙醚,用脱脂棉蘸乙醚揩净抽提瓶外部,在105℃下先烘90 min,再烘20 min至恒重(前后两次重量差在0.0002 g以内即视为恒重)。抽提瓶增加的重量即为粗脂肪的重量。

2.5结果计算

粗脂肪湿基含量、干基含量和标准水杂下含量分别按公式(1),(2),(3)计算:

(1)

(2)

(3)

式中:W1粗脂肪重量,g;

W试样重量,g;

M试样水分百分率,%;

M标试样标准水分、标准杂质之和,%。

双试验结果要允许差不超过0.4%,求其平均数,即为测定结果。测定结果取小数点后第一位。

2.6操作方法探讨

我们通过多年试验,逐渐探索出新的方法,即抽提时,先不加热,注入乙醚也不回流,在2 h后回流一次,并再注入乙醚浸泡24 h,然后再加热抽提,这样,1 h就可抽净脂肪,既节省了时间,降低了危险性,又不会伤害检验人员的身体,对集体,对个人都大有益处。■

二、fat是什么意思

简明英汉词典

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fat

D.J.[fæt]

K.K.[fæt]

adj.

多脂肪的,肥胖的

A fat man has much more flesh than a thin man.

胖子比瘦子肉多。

The baby is fat.

这婴儿很胖。

丰富的,大量的

The sale netted a fat profit for the company.

这次销售为公司赚得了丰厚的利润。

n.

脂肪,油脂

The pig stores a lot of fat in its body.

猪在体内储存了大量的脂肪。

肥肉

She can't eat fat.

她不能吃肥肉。

新牛津英汉双解大词典

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fat

noun

[mass noun]a natural oily or greasy substance occurring in animal bodies, especially when deposited as a layer under the skin or around certain organs

脂肪,肥肉

■a substance of this type, or a similar one made from plant products, used in cooking

食用动物(或植物)油

■the presence of an excessive amount of such a substance in a person or animal, causing them to appear corpulent

肥胖

he was a tall man, running to fat.

他个子高,正在发胖。

■[count noun](Chemistry)any of a group of natural esters of glycerol and various fatty acids, which are solid at room temperature and are the main constituents of animal and vegetable fat

(化)(天然)油脂,脂肪酸。比较 oil

(fatter, fattest)

(of a person or animal) having a large amount of excess flesh

(人,动物)肥胖的

the driver was a fat wheezing man.

开车的是个气喘吁吁的胖子。

■(of an animal bred for food) made plump for slaughter

(为食用而饲养的动物)养肥待宰的

■containing much fat

油腻的;肥的

fat bacon.

油腻的熏肉。

■large in bulk or circumference

大个的,粗的

a fat cigarette.

一支粗大的香烟。

■(informal)(of an asset or opportunity) substantial

(非正式)(资产,机会)多的,大量的;巨大的

a fat profit.

丰厚的利润。

■(informal)used ironically to express the belief that there is none or very little of something

(非正式)极大的;颇多的(用作反话,表示没有或几乎没有)

fat chance she had of influencing him.

她左右他的可能性真是太大了。

■(of coal) containing a high proportion of volatile oils

(煤)挥发油含量高的

(fatted, fatting)

(archaic)make or become fat

(古)(使)发胖,长肥

[with obj.]numbers of black cattle are fatted here.

大量的菜牛在这儿养得膘肥体壮。

[no obj.]the hogs have been fatting.

这些猪在不停地长膘。

[as adj. fatted]a fatted duck.

一只养肥了的鸭子。

常用词组

the fat is in the fire

trouble has been caused and is beginning

惹上麻烦

kill the fatted calf

produce one's best food to celebrate, especially at a prodigal's return

(尤指因浪子回头而)设盛宴庆祝

live off(或 on) the fat of the land

have the best of everything

过锦衣玉食的生活,养尊处优

派生

fatless

adjective

fatly

adverb

fatness

noun

fattish

adjective

语源

Old English fǣtt'well fed, plump', also'fatty, oily', of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vet and German feist

现代英汉综合大辞典

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fat

[fæt]

adj.

肥胖的;肥大的;丰满的;饱满的

(肉)肥的;(猪等)养肥了的

肥沃的;富的;(职务等)收益多的;丰产的;(待遇等)优厚的;有利的;兴旺的

厚的;(费用、银行存款等)巨大的

丰富的;充实的;塞满的

(嗓音)圆润的;(香味)浓郁的

【刷】粗笔画的,黑体的

迟钝的;呆笨的

(某物质)含量高的;(煤)含高挥发物的;(木材)含树脂多的

a fat year

丰年

a fat letter

厚厚的一封信

a fat price

很大的代价

The pods of the beans are getting fat.

豆荚饱满起来。

This book is fat with first-hand information.

这本书第一手材料很丰富。

词性变化

fat

n.

肥肉;脂肪;油脂

最好的部分;最优美的文艺作品;优厚待遇的工作

【戏】要角;(演员所任角色中)能发挥演技的部分

肥胖

[常用复]已养肥可供销售的食用动物

多余额;积余;储备; [俚]钱

vt.

(fatted; fatting)

养肥(up, out)

用油脂处理(皮革)

在...中加入脂肪

vi.

长肥

继承用法

fatback

[ˈfætbæk]

n.

五花猪肉条

fat-based

adj.

脂基的;脂肪基的

fat-brained

adj.

愚笨的

fat-chewing

n.

聊天,闲谈

fat-faced

adj.

面孔圆胖的

fat-extenders

n.

油脂补充剂(加于食品中可以减少用油量)

fat-extracted

adj.

脂肪已收出的或提出的

fat-free

adj.

无脂的

fathead

[ˈfæthed]

n.

[口]笨蛋,呆子

fat-witted

[ˈfætˌwɪtɪd]

adj.

愚笨的;傻的

fatwood

n.

多脂树

fatless

adj.

fatly

adv.

fatness

n.

fattish

[ˈfætɪʃ]

adj.

略胖的,稍肥的

习惯用语

bit of fat

[口]意外的好运气;待遇优厚的工作

chew the fat

[俚]闲谈,聊天

cut it(too) fat

[俚]做得太过分;做得过火;出风头

cut up fat

[俚]留下大笔财产

fry in one's own fat

自作自受

fry the fat out of

[美俚]摊派勒索

frying of fat

[美俚]勒索金钱,榨取油水

get fat

发胖

grow fat

发胖

get fat on

靠...过富裕舒适的生活

lick the fat from the beard of sb.

[废]先发制人,使别人无法取得成果或利益

live on one's own fat

吃老本

live on the fat of the land

极奢侈;养尊处优

eat the fat of the land

极奢侈;养尊处优

run to fat

[口]长胖了;发福

The fat is in the fire.

闯祸了,事情搞糟了;生米做成熟饭了;木已成舟。

the fat of the land

最上等,最珍贵的长品

wax fat and kick

由于发财而变得骄横

特殊用法

acetylated fat

乙酰(化)脂肪

anhydrous milk fat

无水乳脂肪,脱水乳脂肪

basting fat

在烤肉时涂抹在肉上的油脂

beef marrow fat

牛骨髓油

biscuit fat

制饼干用油脂

bleached fat

脱色脂肪

blood fat

血脂

body fat

体脂肪

bone fat

骨脂,骨油

bung fat

直肠脂肪

臀(部)脂肪

casing fat

[俗]肠脂,汤油

caul fat

[俗]网膜脂,网油;花油

chamois fat

油鞣用油脂

cheek-meat fat

肥颊肉

chip fat

肠油,切碎脂肪,无价值脂肪

clarified fat

澄清脂肪

confectionery fat

糖食用油脂,糖果用油脂

congealed fat

凝固脂

consistent fat

稠脂肪

coot fat

黑鸭脂

crisp fat

猪油渣

crotch fat

[俗]板油

cutting fat

(分割胴体时修削下的)碎肥膘肉

deep fat

深油层

depot fat

储存脂肪

dika fat

地咖脂;加蓬依苦木脂

dry-rendered fat

干法炼制的油脂

dug fat

乳房脂

edible fat

食用脂肪

external fat

表层脂肪

fixed fat

固定脂肪

flare fat

猪包肾脂肪

free-of-liquid fat

无水脂肪

fresh ham fat

鲜腿肥肉

garbage fat

下脚脂肪

glue fat

制胶副产脂肪

ham fat

后腿肥肉

hard fat

润滑油,黄油;硬脂

hardened fat

硬化油脂,氢化油脂

hydrogenated fat

硬化油脂,氢化油脂

hard-saturated fat

含硬质饱和甘油酯的油脂

high-melting fat

高熔点脂

hog fat

猪(脂)油

horse marrow fat

马髓脂

hudrogenated fat

氢化脂,硬化油

hydrous wool fat

含水羊毛脂

ice fat

【水】冰脂,油脂状冰

illepe fat

【材】莫脂

interior fat

内脏脂肪

visceral fat

内脏脂肪

intestinal fat

肠脂

killing fat

肠脂

intra-muscular fat

肌肉间脂肪,夹花(脂), [俗]五花(肥)肉

jaw-pan fat

(海豚或白鲸的)颌下脂

killing fat

肠区脂肪

kitchen fat

厨用酯

lamb caul fat

羊板油

leaf fat

肾脂, [俗]板油

kidney fat

肾脂, [俗]板油

low-melting fat

低熔点脂

mahubarana fat

【材】马胡巴拉纳脂肪

maroti fat

海南大风子油

maxillary fat

(海洋动物的)颌脂

meat residue fat

下脚肉油

mesenteric fat

肠脂

mid-back fat

背膘

mineral fat

矿脂

mora fat

【材】莫脂

mowa fat

【材】莫脂

niam fat

非洲栎树油

nutrition fat

消化吸收性脂肪

ostrich fat

驼鸟脂

pig liver fat

猪肝脂

pine marten fat

松皮脂

plastic fat

软化脂

polished fat

精炼油脂

refined fat

精炼油脂

polyunsaturated fat

多不饱和脂肪

reflned wool fat

精制羊毛脂

saponified fat

皂化脂肪

seed fat

植物油

semi-solid fat

半硬脂

shoulder fat

猪肩肥肉,前腿肥肉

sinking fat

底沟油(工厂排水流失的脂肪)

snowball fat

(扒下的)肠油

牛腹表面的小粒脂肪

soap fat

制皂用脂

solid fat

固体脂肪,高熔点脂肪

hard fat

固体脂肪,高熔点脂肪

subcutaneous fat

皮下脂肪

tama fat

奶油树脂

teglam fat

南洋同翼香脂

tissue-like fat

肌肉组织内脂肪, [俗]五花

trimable fat

修割下的肥肉

udder fat

乳房脂

veil fat

网膜脂,网油, [俗]花油

caul fat

网膜脂,网油, [俗]花油

wet-rendered fat

湿法炼制的油脂

牛津英语搭配词典

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fat

noun

substance directly under your skin脂肪

[搭配]ADJ.

excess, surplus

多余的脂肪

body

身体脂肪

puppy

儿童虚胖:

It wasn’t easy to lose puppy fat when Mum fed her on stodgy home cooking.

母亲给她吃易饱的家常菜,她想减掉婴儿肥可是很难。

[搭配]VERB+ FAT

go to, put on, run to

长脂肪:

If you eat too much you will put on fat.

吃得太多会长胖的。

She was middle-aged and running to fat.

她人到中年,开始发福了。

burn(off), lose, shed

燃烧脂肪;减掉脂肪:

Exercise helps you burn off excess fat.

运动有助于消耗多余的脂肪。

break down

分解脂肪:

Claims that anticellulite creams can break down fat are controversial.

消脂霜可以分解脂肪的说法有争议。

[搭配]FAT+ VERB

accumulate

脂肪堆积:

The waistline is usually the first area where fat accumulates.

最先有脂肪堆积的部位通常是腰部。

[搭配]PHRASES

not an ounce of fat

一点脂肪都没有:

His body was all muscle, with not an ounce of fat.

他全身都是肌肉,一点脂肪都没有。

a roll of fat

一圈脂肪:

He had great rolls of fat round his middle.

他的腰部堆积起好几圈肥肉。

in your diet/used in cooking食用油脂

[搭配]ADJ.

dietary

食用油脂

added, excess, extra, surplus

多余的油脂

visible

可以看见的油脂

animal, vegetable

动物油脂;植物油脂

monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, saturated, unsaturated

单不饱和脂肪;多不饱和脂肪;饱和脂肪;不饱和脂肪:

margarines that contain polyunsaturated fats

含有多不饱和脂肪的人造黄油

cooking

烹调用油

bacon, beef, etc.

猪油、牛油等

hot

热油:

Put the chicken in hot fat and braise thoroughly.

把鸡肉放入热油中焖至烂熟。

[搭配]VERB+ FAT

contain, have

含有油脂:

This cheese has a lot of fat in it.

这种奶酪含有很多油脂。

be high/low in

油脂含量高/低:

Ice cream is high in fat and sugar.

冰淇淋油脂和糖分含量高。

eat

食用油脂:

The amount of fat you eat can affect the health of your heart.

摄入的油脂量会影响心脏的健康。

cut down on

减少脂肪:

It’s easy to cut down on fat without changing your diet too much.

饮食无需太大的改变就可以轻松减少脂肪。

cut out

停止食用油脂:

She has cut out fat altogether in an effort to lose weight.

她为了减肥,一点油脂也不吃。

cut, trim

去除肥肉:

Trim any visible fat off the meat before cooking.

烹调前,去除所有看得见的肥肉。

drain(off), pour off, skim off

沥出油脂;倒出油脂;撇去油脂:

Remove the turkey from the pan and drain off the excess fat.

把火鸡从盘中拿出,沥去多余的油。

[搭配]FAT+ VERB

contain sth

脂肪含有…:

Fats contain more calories than carbohydrates for the same weight.

同样重量的脂肪和碳水化合物,脂肪含有的热量较多。

spit

脂油发出毕剥声:

The only sound from the kitchen was the lamb fat spitting.

厨房里只听见羊油发出的毕剥声。

[搭配]FAT+ NOUN

intake

脂肪摄入:

the relationship between fat intake and cholesterol levels

脂肪摄入和胆固醇水平的关系

content

脂肪含量:

Despite its very low fat content, it is deliciously creamy.

虽然脂肪含量很少,但是味美似乳脂。

基本词义

fat

adj.

[搭配]VERBS

be, feel, look

肥胖;感觉肥胖;看上去胖

become, get, grow

变胖;长胖

make sb

使某人胖:

Try to cut out the foods that are making you fat.

尽量不吃会致胖的东西。

[搭配]ADV.

enormously, hugely, immensely, really, very

特别胖;非常胖

quite, rather

相当胖

grossly, monstrously

极胖;胖得吓人

[搭配]PHRASES

big/great fat

极其肥胖:

sitting next to a big fat woman

坐在一位大胖妇人的旁边

a big fat envelope stuffed with banknotes

塞满钞票的鼓鼓囊囊的一个大信封

爱词霸网络百科

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FAT

文件配置表

[相关词]

fat fat factor fat pocket fat cell fat globule udder fat trimable fat ostrich fat fat clarification consistent fat fat colours internal fat fat percentage crude fat fat mix fat yield ice fat fat stains fat embolus low-fat fat-splitting

提供人:词友最后补充:Wosai更多>>

七国语言大词典(英文)

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fat

[公共大词典-Common]

[RUS]жирный

[GER]dick

[FRE]gras, grasse

[CHI]肥胖的(feipangde)

[JAP]太い(ふとい),(futoi)

[农业大词典-Agriculture]

[RUS]жир,сало,шпиг

[GER]fett

[FRE]gras

[CHI]脂肪(zhifang)

[JAP]脂肪(しぼう),(shibo)

[化学大词典-Chemistry]

[RUS]жир

[GER]fett

[FRE]graisse, gras

[CHI]脂肪(zhifang)

[JAP]脂肪(しぼう),(shibo)

[医学大词典-Medicine]

[RUS]жир

[GER]fett

[FRE]graisse

[CHI]脂肪(zhifang)

[JAP]脂肪(しぼう),(shibo)

[矿业大词典-Mining engineering]

[RUS]жир,сало

[GER]fett

[FRE]graisse

[CHI]脂肪(zhifang)

[JAP]脂肪(しぼう),(shibo)

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